DETROIT - The new General Motors made its Wall Street debut with much fanfare last November. The initial public offering that was supposed to max out at about $10 billion ended up raising more than double that amount.
CEO Dan Akerson had a good story to tell: The Detroit automaker had posted a $4.8 billion profit for the nine months ended Sept. 30, and new models like the Chevrolet Equinox and Cadillac SRX SUV were selling well, reported Automotive News. Two weeks after the IPO, GM was worth just $1.6 billion less than Ford Motor Co., and by mid-January the stock ran up 20 percent, to almost $40 a share, giving GM a value of $59.3 billion.
GM's feel-good moment didn't last. Since the beginning of January the stock has fallen more than 18 percent, to close Friday at $30.24 a share, which is $2.76 below its IPO price. GM's market valuation now trails Ford's by almost $8 billion. Analysts fret about the churn in GM's management ranks, the aggressive use of incentives to sell its cars, ongoing losses in Europe, and a softening in the Chinese market, where GM is the leader.
There's also the thin pipeline of new models. Add it up, and investors may be better off taking a wait-and-see approach, says Peter Nesvold, an analyst with New York research firm Jefferies.
The U.S. Treasury owned 61 percent of GM as a result of its 2009 bailout of the automaker. It sold shares equal to a 28 percent stake during the IPO and can unload the rest as early as May 18. In a January interview, Ron Bloom, head of the Obama Administration's auto-industry task force, said the government wanted to sell its GM shares "as soon as practical."
The Feds need a $53 share price to break even, and right now auto stocks are under pressure from higher oil prices and Japan's disaster, which has disrupted production for many carmakers. "Politically it would be hard for the administration to sell the remaining shares below the original deal price," says Nesvold.
A GM spokesman declined comment.
Even in China, a bright spot for GM over the last decade, there are challenges. Growth in the world's largest auto market slowed to 8 percent this year after reaching almost 30 percent in the fourth quarter. Some local governments, such as the city of Beijing, are placing restrictions on new-car sales to battle traffic congestion. In the long run, GM may struggle to sustain its 11 percent net margin in China as more competition continues to pour in.
The revolving door in GM's executive suite also has investors nervous, according to Brett D. Hoselton, analyst for KeyBanc Capital Markets. The carmaker is on its third CEO since it emerged from bankruptcy in 2009.
Same for its chief financial officers: The latest, Chris Liddell, left on Apr. 1 after 15 months on the job, saying he was ready for bigger things. He ceded the job to GM Treasurer Daniel Ammann. "I don't know what the management team will do," says Hoselton. "There's a lack of predictability."
Ammann attempted to calm Wall Street's nerves at a dinner with analysts on Apr. 7 by indicating he will be in the job for years. He also said GM's heavy spending on sales incentive - at $3,300 per vehicle, they were the highest of any major carmaker in March - will not become the status quo. Analysts said the next day they were satisfied that GM won't start a price war and may be firming up its management team.
Still, to say shareholders are feeling confident would be a stretch. Says Nesvold: "GM remains a 'show-me' story."
The bottom line: Management turnover, weakness in China, and big sales incentives have hit GM's stock, complicating Treasury's plans for an exit.
